Not every garden is adequately sized for growing fruit on large fruit trees. Nowadays, however, there are also varieties in specialist shops that can be used to harvest juicy apples from a small apple tree.
Choose the right tree
First of all, even apple trees grown from cores are rather unsuitable for small gardens or the terrace. Since these trees usually tend to revert to a wild form, they have a large root system and also tend to develop a large tree crown. However, numerous stem forms are available on the market that are suitable for growing in pots or as espalier fruit.
Steer growth in the right direction in good time
The decision for a small apple tree should already influence the choice of variety and trunk form. Apple trees with a high trunk are not suitable for this, as they have a very high branching of the tree crown due to their grafting form. Bush-shaped specimens are more suitable for growing a small apple tree, but at most with a graft on a half-stem. Depending on the variety, these can still bring in a harvest that is not necessarily small.
The targeted cut is important
Regular pruning of the apple tree is very important not only for the growth habit, but also for a consistently high yield. However, as with other fruit trees, care should be taken to cut back at the right time. The ideal period for the apple tree is between January and March, as the buds have not yet sprout and the tree has a reduced sap flow. However, the temperatures should not be below minus five degrees during the cut, otherwise poor wound healing can occur.
Shape branches for a high yield
Many apple varieties tend to grow their branches into a narrow canopy. A clearing cut ensures that enough light reaches the individual leaves in the treetop. In turn, the fruits can also be supplied with enough energy and develop a sweet taste. Ideally, the individual branches should protrude from the almost vertically towering tree branches at an angle of at least 35 degrees. If the branches are arranged too steeply upwards, they will not be able to withstand the weight of ripening apples and, in the worst case, will even break off. Branches can be directed downwards in their growth direction with the following tools:
- by tying it down with strings
- by hanging small weights
- with a targeted cut
tips and tricks
Apple trees are also popular among bonsai because of their blossoms and fruits. To train a real bonsai, however, a wild form such as a crab apple must be chosen. The large fruits of cultivated apple varieties would look disproportionately large on a bonsai.