In its homeland, the Japanese azalea is one of the most popular trees for the art of bonsai. This is hardly surprising, as the plant is a magnificent sight during the flowering period, when it is covered all over with large flowers.
The Japanese Azalea makes an impressive bonsai
Azalea bonsai are hardy outdoor bonsai
In contrast to the indoor azalea (which is not hardy!), the Japanese azalea is unsuitable for indoor keeping - it is a pure outdoor bonsai. No matter whether in the garden, on the balcony or the terrace: the Japanese azalea thrives best in the fresh air and can also remain outdoors during the winter months - with the appropriate protection, of course.
location and substrate
Like the closely related rhododendrons, azaleas prefer a partially shaded location. However, this should not be completely dark, because then algae could settle on the plants due to the lack of light and the higher humidity. Special rhododendron soil is best suited as a substrate, as it has the necessary humus content and also has the right pH value - between 4.5 and 5.5.
watering and fertilizing
Since the Japanese azalea does not tolerate lime, you should only water it with rainwater or decalcify the tap water. Waterlogging also damages the plant, as does excessive drought. Keep the bonsai evenly but only slightly moist. During the growing season, fertilize the plant with a special azalea or rhododendron fertilizer.
cutting and wiring
Japanese azaleas are very tolerant of pruning and will reliably sprout again even after severe pruning. However, it makes sense to spread more extensive pruning measures over a period of several years, as this is better tolerated by the tree. A cut down to the old wood usually does no harm, since the Japanese azalea also sprout from sleeping eyes here. Even wiring to force twigs and branches in a certain direction is not a problem.
repot
Japanese azalea bonsai should be repotted about every two years, ideally in spring or immediately after flowering. Be particularly careful when cutting the roots, because the roots are very fine and tear easily.
tips
If it gets too wet, especially from rain coming from above, the Japanese azalea tends to fungal infections. Therefore, protect the bonsai from rain and always water it from below so that leaves, shoots and flowers are not wetted.