Botanically speaking, cowslips belong to the primula family, but should never be confused with primroses. Like cowslips, some types of primrose are used in folk medicine due to their high saponin content, while others are poisonous - in contrast to cowslip. However, as is so often the case, the dose makes the poison.
Cowslips are only partially poisonous and are also used in medicinal medicine
Cowslips in folk medicine
Both the real cowslip and the cowslip, more rarely the stalkless cowslip, have been used in folk medicine for centuries. In the Middle Ages, the plant was recommended primarily for the treatment of gout, rheumatism and wounds, for aching limbs, genital warts and to strengthen the heart. Nowadays, the root extract is mainly used for stubborn coughs and other colds.
Ingredients of the cowslip
Cowslips contain saponins, which are mainly concentrated in the roots, as well as essential oils. The saponies, especially the triterpene saponins, promote the expectoration of bronchial mucus, but can also irritate the gastric mucosa. For this reason, people with a sensitive stomach or stomach problems should refrain from using cowslip as a remedy. Incidentally, cowslip (Primula veris) contains the highest proportion of active ingredients.
Other uses of the cowslip
The tender, young leaves of all cowslip species as well as their flowers are edible and taste particularly good in colorful salads. The rhizomes can not only be processed into medicines, but due to their strong coloring effect, they are also used in some regions as a dye, for example for Easter eggs. Please note, however, that all cowslips are protected and may not be collected or picked in the wild.
tips
Although cowslips are non-toxic to humans, small animals (e.g. guinea pigs or rabbits) should not eat them due to the high saponin content.